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REGULATOR FOR GASES OR FLUIDS UNDER PRESSURE.

No. 314,020. Patented Mar. 17, 1885. 3

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s. HAZARD.

REGULATOR FOR GASES 0R FLUIDS UNDER PRESSURE.

Witnesses h 1771 912602: X$W 6 d UNirnn STATES Parent @rrres.

JAMES S. HAZARD, OF NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND, ASSIGNOR TO THE FIRM OF JOHNMATTHEWS, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

REGULATOR FOR GASESOR FLUIDS UNDER PRESSURE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 314,020, dated March17,1885.

Application filed May 15, 1884.

T at whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMEs S. HAZARD, a resident of Newport, in thecounty of Newport and State of Rhodelsland, have invented an ImprovedRegulator for Gases or Fluids under Pressure, of which the following isa full, clear, and exact description, reference being made to theaccompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a vertical central sectionof my improved regulator. Fig. 2 is a plan or top View, partly insection, of the same, the line 0 c, Fig. 1, indicating the plane ofsection.

This invention relates to an automatic reg- 1 5 ulator for gases orfluids under pressure which are to be filled into receivers. It isapplicable, among others,to fountains or other vessels containing gas orwater under pressure, its object being to maintain the pressure in thevessel at a certain predetermined point, whether said vessel is to befilled or emptied. One

special object to which the invention can be applied, although not theonly object, will be' to regulate the pressure in soda-water fountainsthat are being emptied into bottles or siphons, so that, no matter howmuch water is from time to time withdrawn from such a fountain, thepressure within it will, nevertheless,

by means of my regulator, be maintained at the predetermined point; Tothis end the regulator is interposd between the fountain which is to beemptied and a vessel containing gas under greater pressure than thatwhich is to be maintained in said fountain.

The invention consists, principally, in plac ing within the main chamberof the regulator a movable diaphragm, by which said chamber ,is dividedinto two chambers, one of which,

when the device is in operation, is always in communication with thevessel to be emptied, while the other contains the gas under pressure atthe degree at which it is to be maintained in the vessel to be emptied.WVhen the pressure becomes "reduced in said last-mentioned 5 vessel, thediaphragm is moved to open a valve and establish communication betweenthe two vessels until the pressure is again at the proper degree in thevessel to be filled.

(No model.)

In the accompanying drawings, the letter A represents the body of theregulator, the same being a hollow box with bulging heads a and 22,although it may also be made of other form. The center of this" hollowbox A is traversed by a diaphragm, B, of india-rubber or other suitableelastic material, which diaphragm is clamped between the overlappinghalves of the box, as in Fig. 1, or held in place by other means. Theseoverlapping halves, when employed in the form shown, are united bysuitable bolts, (1 d. The dia- 6 phra-gm B divides the box or body ofthe regulator into two chambers, which are marked 0 and D, respectively.In each of these chambers is a perforated disk or plate of metal, 6,which is at a short distance from the dia- 6 'phragm B when the same isin the central or normal position shown in Fig. 1. These perforateddisks 6 e serve to limit the movement of the flexible diaphragm,preventing it from moving too far beyond its normal position. In orderto permit this, these disks 6 have large central apertures, throughwhich the nuts i and j on the diaphragm may protrude. The diaphragm Bhas attachedto it the stem f of a valve, 9, which valve is seated in 7 5an aperture, 71, that is formed in the walls of the chamber 0. Onemanner of fastening the stem f to the diaphragm B is indicated in Fig.1, and consists of two nuts, and j, which are placed against oppositesides of the diaphragm B, and both threaded to receive the threaded partof the screw f. The lower nut, j, which faces the chamber D, has itscentral portion made cup-shaped, so that no gas can leak from thechamber into the space which may intervene between said nut and thescrewstem f. The faces of the nuts zandj which are contiguous to thediaphragm B are ribbed, as shown, so that the ribs may embed themselvesin the rubber of the diaphragm andprevent 9o leakage of gas along theinner. part of the diaphragm. The nuts z and j permit the stem f to beturned so that the distance between the diaphragm and the valve 9 may beincreased or reduced at pleasure, allowing the 5 diaphragm to be set forits normal position,-

either centrally, as in Fig. l, or higher or lower than shown in saidfigure. In other words, by thus rendering the valve-stem f lengthwiseadjustable, I am in position to regulate the size of the chambers O andD for the normal position of the parts.

The chamber 0, when the aperture 7b is opened by raising the valve 9,communicates with the inlet-passage m of the regulator that is to say,with a passage which connects by a suitable tube with the generator or avessel containing the gas under greatest pressure, or, in other words,with the vessel containing the supply of gas from which the other vessel(the fountain) is to be supplied from time to time by this regulator.The passage m communicates at all times with a passage, a, the end ofwhich can be closed by a valve, E. WVhen this valve E is opened, thepassage a communicates with a passage, 0, from which a branch passage,p, leads into the chamber 0. Another branch passage, q, extends from thepassage 0 into the chamber D, but can be closed whenever desired by avalve, F; but this valve F never interferes with the continuity of thepassage 0. It will be perceived from what I have stated that the chamber0 of the regulator communicates always with the passage 0, and that thechamber D of the regulator communicates with the passage 0 only when thevalve F is opened; otherwise not. The free end of the passage 0 connectsby a suitable pipe with the vessel within which the pressure is to beregulated-in the instance I have given with a fountain from whichsodawater or mineral water is to be filled, under pressure, into bottlesor siphons.

The operation is as follows: The pipe m is connected with a generator orvessel containing gas under considerable pressuresay one hundred pounds.The pipe 0 is made to communicate with the fountain or vessel withinwhich the pressure is to be maintained at a certain point less than thatin the firstmentioned vessel or generatorsay sixty pounds. The valve 9is closed. The valves E and F are now both opened, thus allowing the gasfrom the generator to flow through the passages m a 0 into the fountainthrough the passages m n 0 19 into the chamber 0, and through thepassages ma 0 q into the chamber D. As soon as the gas thus let into thefountain and into the chambers O D reaches the pressure which it isdesired to maintain in the fountain-say sixty poundsthe valves E and Fare both closed. It will be perceived that now the chamber D, which isWholly isolated from the other ves sels and chambers, contains gas underthe pre determined degree of pressure, which in the example has beenstated as sixty pounds. As the gas is now being withdrawn from thefountain in the act of filling bottles or siphons, the pressure withinsaid fountain becomes gradually less, and so soon as it becomes lessthan sixty pounds in the fountain it also becomes less than sixty poundsin the chamber 0 of the regulator, with which chamber said fountain isalways in communication, and so soon as the pressure in the chamber 0becomes less than it is in the chamber D the pressure in the cham ber Dwill raise the diaphragm B, open the valve 9, and establishcommunication through the opening h between thegenerator, the chamber O,passage 19, passage 0, and fountain; hence the pressure in the fountainis immediately and automatically restored to the proper degree as soonas it falls short of the same. Immediately upon the pressure in thechamber 0 becoming equal to that in the chamber D, the valve g is againclosed, thereby leaving the gas in the fountain isolated from that inthe generator, and it will remain so isolated as long as the pressure inthe fountain remains at sixty pounds, and as soon as the pressure in thefountain becomes less than sixty pounds the diaphragm is immediatelyraised and communication reestablished between the generator and thefountain, as described.

It will be perceived from what Ihave stated that the main feature of myinvention consists in the use of a regulator which has a flexiblediaphragm, forming two chambers, of which one chamber is always filledwith gas under the predetermined degree of pressure. A suitable gage onthe fountain will show at the beginning of operations how much pressurethere is in the chamber D, and that pressure can be made greater orless, as occasion may require, by leaving the valve F, at the beginningof operations, open for a longer or shorter period of time; hence thisregulating gaschamber in the regulator is an important step in advanceover all regulators which had their diaphragms loaded with springs orweights, for such devices were incapable of the fine and immediateadjustment to. varying degrees of pressure to which my improvedregulator can be applied.

In Fig. 1 it will be perceived that the sub stance of the rubber Bextends past the pets sage o, and that, in fact, said passage 0 goesthrough this rubber. In order to prevent the rubber, when the two partsof the body A. of the regulator are bolted together, from bulging intoand more or less closing the passage 0, I place a rigid tube, r, in theperforation of the rubber which is aligned with the passage 0, and makethis tube longer than the rubber is thick, so that its ends will'fit thechambered portions of the parts of the body A which have been preparedto receive them, as is clearly shown in Fig. 1 of the drawings.

I claim 1. The pressure regulator A, containing flexible diaphragm B,forming two chambers, O D, and passages, substantially as described, incombination with the valve F, by means of which the chamber D can bewholly isolated, after filling, from the remaining chambers and passagesand its contents used as a load on the diaphragm, substantially asdescribed.

2. The regulator A, having movable diaf, and valve 9, substantially asand for the purphragm 13, forming two chambers, G D, in pose hereinshown and described. 1 combination with the valve 9, passages m n o 5.The combination ofthe regulator A,which p q, and valvesE F,substantially as described. is constructed of two parts, with the rubber5 3. The combination of the regulator A, havdiaphragm B, clamping-boltsd, and with the ing flexible diaphragm B, with the perforated tube a",which extends through the rubber in screens 6, placed on opposite sidesof said dialine with the passage 0, which is formed in 20 phragm andadapted to limit its movements, the body of the regulator, substantiallyas desubstantially as described. scribed.

10 4:. The combination of the regulator A and JAMES S. HAZARD.

its diaphragm B with the nut 1', having ribbed Witnesses: contact-face,nut j, having ribbed contact-face EDWIN S. BURDIoK,

and cup-shaped central portion, screw-stem SAM. T. HOPKINS. v

